Introduction. Oily sludge is a sludge mixed with crude oil, all kinds of refined oil, residual oil, and other heavy oil. It is mainly produced in the exploitation, processing, and transportation of oil by oil spilling to the ground. 1,2 The annual production of oily sludge from the petroleum industry is up to billions of tons. 1,3 The ecological environment was …
9. Results of SLS phase behavior test Based on Figure 3.9 it is known that the solubility of oil (Po) increases then stabilizes. The stable oil solubility indicates that the emulsion has been optimal.
In this study, sodium lignosulfonate was extracted from a natural lignocellulose waste and its characterization and potential application as a corrosion inhibitor were investigated. FTIR results confirmed presence of sulfonic groups like ones in a commercial sample. The aqueous solubility of sodium lignosulfonate increased from …
A galvanochemical method for the synthesis of iron lignosulfonate was developed. Metallic iron is gradually dissolved in a solution of lignosulfonates on contact with the material acting as a cathode of the short-circuited galvanic pair. The effect of the cathode material as well as duration and temperature of the process on the anodic dissolution of …
In addition, lignin in spent liquor of alkaline sulfite cooking was recovered as lignosulfonate surfactant which reduced the surface tension of water to 38.2 mN/m at a concentration of 15 g/L. The combined processes of prehydrolysis and alkaline sulfite cooking enables full utilization of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, and therefore has ...
Abbati de Assis et al. ... Currently, the extraction processes for lignosulfonate and kraft are responsible for more than 90% of the industrial lignin sold. The lignosulphonate process produces approximately 1,000,000 tons of lignin per year, which is used in dispersants, pigments, ceramics, concrete, and asphalt. ...
Lignosulfonate was extracted from jute sticks by acid sulfite pulping and purified by two alternative chemical processes. The lignosulfonate from jute was …
First, 500 mL of black liquor was poured into a 1000 mL beaker and heated to 90 °C on a magnetic stirrer. Then, 65 g of calcium oxide was added to the solution and stirred on a …
The increased de nsity of this adsorption layer promotes higher surface activity of lignosulfonate, i.e., lower s urface tension. Ouyang et al., [19] reported that the
The feasibility of low viscous liquid membrane containing TOA as carrier has been tested for the extraction and recovery of lignosulfonate. Co- and counter transport …
In this sense, Xue et al. developed a ratiometric fluorescent pH-sensitive probe by grafting rhodamine B to sodium lignosulfonate. 127 The resulting modified lignin showed a rapid response based on a conformational change in the Rhodamine moiety to pH variations (from 4.6 to 6.2 with a p K a of 5.35) which was then exploited for the detection ...
The use of lignin based sulfonated products in composites may benefit the hydrophilicity increase of some composites, but the sulfonated products may need to be …
Lignosulfonate is a hydro-soluble degraded form of lignin that contains many charged groups. Generally, it is prepared from the spin-off of the sulfite pulping procedure [27]. Nowadays, this form of lignin is the main attraction of many researchers for getting multi-functionalities.
Spent sulfite liquors (SSLs) were fractionated by two common separation techniques: amine extraction and ultrafiltration. The lignin fractions obtained were characterized with respect to their elemental composition, functional groups and molecular weight distribution. The results of size exclusion chromatography indicate a broad …
The world production of soaps, detergents, and other surfactants is more than 40 Mt, and lignosulfonates can be used as surfactants or dispersants in various applications such as chelating agents, water reducers of cement, dye dispersants, etc. [ 2 ]. As illustrated in Table 5.1, lignosulfonates account for a significant share in the market of ...
To extract lignosulfonate from sulfite spent liquors, ultrafiltration seemed to be an industrially viable method, but the extracted lignin will likely contain impurities. ... Restolho JA, Prates A, de Pinho MN, Afonso MD. Sugars and lignosulphonates recovery from eucalyptus spent sulphite liquor by membrane processes. Biomass Bioenergy. …
Lignosulfonates are bio-based surfactants and specialty chemicals, which are generated by breaking the near-infinite lignin network during sulfite pulping of wood. Due to their amphiphilic …
Lignin extraction methodology. Lignin is primarily extracted from pulping spent liquors, which also contain other organic impurities, e.g., hemicellulose; and inorganic impurities originating from pulping chemicals. Lignosulfonate can be precipitated and extracted from spent liquors by adding an excess amount of calcium hydroxide [94].
Crud formation during reactive extraction hinders phase separation and makes the application of conventional extraction equipment more challenging. This study investigates the influence of amines as a reactive extractant, pH value, and temperature on the crud formation and extraction efficiency for the reactive extraction of lignosulfonates from the …
The adsorption process of lignosulfonate/chitosan is a kind of spontaneous adsorption mode, which is mainly composed of electrostatic adsorption and chemical adsorption. Adsorption mechanism of Pb ...
The main novelty of this work was the extraction of lignosulfonate from black liquor as industrial waste to manage the environment and make rational use of resources, and prepare a new modified lignosulfonate for removing dyes from wastewater. ... Purkait MK, Maiti A, Dasgupta S, De S (2007) Removal of Congo red using activated …
3.1 The yield of sodium lignosulfonate extraction . The yield is parameter to determ ine t he SLS produce from lignin w ith NaHSO 3. The result of SLS .
For extraction, the lignosulfonate liquor to be analysed and, if necessary, water were drawn into the syringe. The respective volume was controlled on an analytical balance such that the adsorbate/adsorbent proportion and the adsorbate concentration in the final mixture were in the range of 100–150 and 20–25 mg g −1, respectively.
Lignosulfonate has been considered as an anionic polyelectrolyte that is soluble in an acid solution, water, and high polar organic solvents (Lange et al., 2013). The main driving force for using lignosulfonate more than competitive products, e.g., kraft lignin, could be its low price in the market (McKean, 2017).
Cette etude a deux objectifs principaux : l'extraction de tanins condenses d'ecorces de pin maritime et la formulation de colles tanin-lignosulfonate. Deux methodes d'extraction ont ete etudiees. La premiere est une extraction a l'eau chaude ; c'est une technique simple, peu couteuse, sans solvant. La deuxieme est une extraction assistee …
LIGNIN INDUSTRIAL EXTRACTION PROCESS. ... Note that lignosulfonate production through sulfomethylation runs through a mechanism completely different from those of the sulfite pulping process and acid sulfonation, in which the sulfonic acid groups are in the aliphatic chain (Berlin and Balakshin 2014). ... "Highly efficient de-polymerization ...
Lignosulfonates are obtained from sulfite pulping processes wherein cellulose is extracted from wood in the pulp industry. The so-called sulfite pulping process involves mixing …
The main hypothesis in this research is to try for the first time the improvement of the extraction method of more added-value sodium lignosulfonate by studying the influence of various irradiation doses on the sawdust waste powder before the extraction process. This reduces the extraction time process as well as high purity product was obtained.
The main lignin extraction processes are the sulfite, Kraft, soda, and solvent pulping [ 5, 26 ], as illustrated in Figure 1 Each process produces a distinct lignin fraction, which may vary in overall composition, …
Lignosulfonate was extracted from jute sticks by acid sulfite pulping and purified by two alternative chemical processes. The lignosulfonate from jute was compared with commercially available products by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The jute sourced lignosulfonates showed crystalline peaks and higher …
3.5. SEM Analysis of Cellulose. Figure 4 shows the micromorphology of extracted cellulose from wheat straw using two different treatments. Cellulose obtained after alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment is irregular in shape, showing the removal of some components, while cellulose obtained after acidified sodium chlorite treatment is straight …
How to extract lignin. Two method to extract lignin. One is the plant body other than the components are dissolved out of lignin, lignin as an insoluble component separated by filtration; typical example of this approach is the acid hydrolysis of wood, the cellulose is hydrolyzed into glucose, the hydrolysis of lignin residues are separation.
Lignosulfonate can also been prepared by sulfonation of alkali lignin [2]. In the pulping process, an aqueous solution containing sulfur dioxide and a sulfurous acid ... (SLM), and extraction with amines [1, 10, 11]. Figure 5.1 illustrates the chemical structure of sodium lignosulfonate (SL) [12], containing numerous aromatic structure and ...
The invention relates to a method for preparing sodium lignosulfonate with high sulfonation degree by using wheat straws, which comprises the following steps: 1) taking natural lignocellulose wheat straw as a raw material; 2) dissolving natural lignocellulose by using an alkaline reagent to break up all components; 3) dissolving hemicellulose components in …
This study investigates the influence of amines as a reactive extractant, pH value, and temperature on the crud formation and extraction efficiency for the reactive extraction …
Among methods proposed for separating lignosulfonate from spent pulping liquor, ultrafiltration seems to be industrially applicable. …