3.3 be drawn through the window of the shields aftercaving behind the supports in parallel with the process of longwall operations. The following Figure illustrates the principle of the LTCC method. Figure 1: Conceptual Model of LTCC System (after Xu, 2001) The LTCC method was first introduced in China in 1982, and then developed …
will supply a complete longwall top coal caving (LTCC) armored face conveyor system to Majialiang coal mine, Datong Coal Mine Group. This system will be the fifth set of ® LTCC face …
This paper describes history of the longwall top coal caving technology. The devices capable to promote wider application of LTCC are discussed. The advantages, …
However, at that time, longwall equipment consisted of hydraulic props+steel roof bars as roof support, an AFC, and loosening blasting+pneumatic picks as winning method. The most important disadvantage of the LTCC method is that significant coal losses may appear when drawing the coal through the support window.
The new AFC system marks the 39th delivered to Chinese mines by and its predecessors in the longwall equipment line. The new AFC system is designed for longwall top coal caving (LTCC ...
The models developed for the face coal extraction operations in a longwall top coal caving (LTCC) mine have a bi-directional cutting system and can be implemented in other operations readily. ... the excavated coal falls onto the AFC. The main task of the AFC in a longwall face is to transport the excavated coal to the beam stage loader (BSL ...
The 4-leg shield support ( Fig.7 (a)) was used in the early stage. In recent years, the two-leg shield ( Fig. 7 (b)) is gradually adopted, but in coal seams with hard roof, the 4-leg shields are ...
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJRMMS.2018.10.019 Corpus ID: 133988479; An ultrasonic-based method for longwall top-coal cavability assessment @article{Zhaohui2018AnUM, title={An ultrasonic-based method for longwall top-coal cavability assessment}, author={Wang Zhaohui and Jiachen Wang and Shengli Yang}, journal={International Journal of Rock Mechanics and …
In Longwall Top-Coal Caving (LTCC), the shape of the loose body (LB) and top-coal boundary (TCB) formed after the first coal-drawing are the initial conditions for the common coal-drawing period.
The new AFC system is designed for longwall top coal caving to mine a coal seam as thick as 8 m. Face length will be 260 m. The LTCC mining method enables recovering thick seams economically by ...
History of LTCC Longwall Top Coal Caving was initially developed in the former Soviet Union and France in the 1950s and 1960s. The 'Soutirage' method which was developed in France in the 1960s is considered as the original form of LTCC. ... • Coal is first cut from the long wall face using a conventional shearer and AFC arrangement ...
Using longwall top coal caving (LTCC) in an extra-thick seam, many problems appear, such as large broken top coal blocks, frequent arch formation in the drawing process, poor balance of drawing ...
Using longwall top coal caving (LTCC) in an extra-thick seam, many problems appear, such as large broken top coal blocks, frequent arch formation in the drawing process, poor balance of drawing ...
Using longwall top coal caving (LTCC) in an extra-thick seam, many problems appear, such as large broken top coal blocks, frequent arch formation in the drawing process, poor …
After that, caved coals are recovered by an AFC in behind of shield (Basarir et al., 2015, ... (LTCC), multi-slice longwall (MSL), and, single pass longwall (SPL) methods. As shearer-loaders and ...
longwall maximizes thick seam recovery: Austar's longwall system offers opportunities in seams thicker than 4.5 meters" share hands-on experience on the Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) method used by Austar mine, owned and operated by Yancoal Australia, for extracting coal seams thicker than 4.5 m.
Evaluation of the application of the Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) Method in Australia ... operational changes related to the use of the second rear AFC behind the face for handling the caved
Recent respirable dust monitoring at a longwall top coal caving (LTCC) face indicated that extremely high dust exposure levels have been experienced at the face. …
On the basis of normal longwall system, Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) method has been developed to extract thick coal seams …
In the past 13 years since the publication of Longwall Mining, ... is added. Also, a new chapter Longwall Top Coal Caving Mining (LTCC) is added due to its successful application in Australia since 2005 ... hard face, soft floor, and AFC creeping – causes, problems, and solutions 10.15 Stability of gateroad T-junctions subject to high ...
Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) technology is one of the effective methods for extracting thick and extra-thick coal seams. Since it is introduced into China in 1982, LTCC has gained a lot of achievements and experience not only in caving technology and equipment but also in the drawing theory after 40 years of development, becoming a …
supplying special shields for the longwall top coal caving method (LTCC), where extremely thick seams are being mined. This method utilizes a second AFC behind the shields to take the coal on top of the longwall outside of the face. Several such systems have been supplied and successfully installed in Australia at the
The new system is designed for longwall top coal caving (LTCC) to mine a coal seam as thick as 8 m; Face length will be 260 m. The premium face conveyor, composed of PF6 line pans, includes an innovative modular design that separates wear-resistant hardened steel parts and the substructure made of high-strength steel.
Figure 1 shows the basic procedure of LTCC. A longwall fully mechanized mining is arranged at the bottom coal seam, where the coal is cut by the shearer, with transporting out of the panel by the ...
The project includes 36.5 Mt of coal production with the LTCC mining method. The first longwall mining system will start production at the Eynez East mine in the third quarter of 2014 and will have a production capacity of 2.7 Mt/y. The coal face has a length of 180 m. ... two AFC PF4 face conveyors, and a BSLPF4 beam stage loader ...
The new AFC system marks the 39th delivered to Chinese mines by and its predecessors in the longwall equipment line. The new AFC system is designed for longwall top coal caving (LTCC) to mine a coal seam as thick as 8 m. Face length will be 260 m. The LTCC mining method enables recovering thick seams …
This paper describes history of the longwall top coal caving technology. The devices capable to promote wider application of LTCC are discussed. The advantages, …
AFC and power supports are to be kept straight as possible Snaking of AFC will lead to tension of Chain conveyors, damage the shearer guides and shoes. ... Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) Advantages of LTCC • Increased resource recovery in thick seams (> 75%)
The recovery ratio of top coal blocks is the direct reflection of drawing effect in longwall top coal caving (LTCC), and predicting the field recovery rapidly and accurately is one of the leading ...
The coal draw window was relocated to the rear canopy instead of being at the roof canopy while a second Armoured Flexible Conveyor (AFC) was designed behind the support base (Fig. 2). The improved designs of support and AFC and the additional extraction of top coal are the major differences between LTCC and a conventional …
Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) is a means of efficiently mining thick (>4.5 m) coal seams, it is an established technology in China with more than 20 years experience and …
In the retracted rear AFC position with the rear canopy raised, the supports and face operation can function conventionally. The Chinese industry reports averages of 15,000 to 20,000 tpd from an LTCC face; up to 75% recovery of 8m+ thick seams using a 3m operating height longwall; and +5 MTPA face production.
The Longwall Top-Coal Caving (LTCC) method makes use of a second conveyor and the natural force of gravity to recover coal above the shearer's recommended height once the face has advanced. ... (AFC) that carries it to a belt or crusher. When a cut is complete, the whole system moves forward one step at a time until the seam is …
Therefore, there is an urgent need to scientifically understand the ventilation and dust flow patterns at the intersection of MG and face so as to optimise the positions of curtains for improved dust control, in particular at the LTCC face where the coal transport system is more complicated than normal longwall face due to the use of a rear AFC ...
Both longwall systems are designed for longwall top coal caving (LTCC) in a coal seam with an average thickness of 25 meters (82 feet). ... two AFC PF4 Face Conveyors, and a BSLPF4 Beam ...
On the basis of normal longwall system, Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) method has been developed to extract thick coal seams of 5–12 m at one pass of the shearer (coal cutting machine). ... It is worth noting that, at a LTCC face, one additional AFC (normally referred as rear AFC) is equipped at the rear of chocks, allowing the transport …